In engineering fields such as refrigeration, cold storage, and cryogenic transportation, the performance stability of insulation materials in low-temperature environments directly affects the system's operational effectiveness. Rubber and plastics, as commonly used flexible insulation materials in the construction and industrial sectors, have their performance in low-temperature environments becoming a key factor to consider in engineering selection and system design. This article analyzes the actual performance of rubber and plastics in low-temperature environments from the perspectives of material properties and engineering applications.

From a material structure perspective, rubber and plastics are closed-cell elastic materials with a dense and independent internal bubble structure. Under low-temperature conditions, this structure effectively inhibits air convection and heat transfer, maintaining relatively stable thermal conductivity. Compared to some rigid insulation materials, rubber and plastics are less likely to form significant heat conduction channels in low-temperature environments, which is beneficial for maintaining the continuity of system insulation.

Regarding low-temperature adaptability, rubber and plastic materials typically possess a certain degree of flexibility and resilience. Within a reasonable operating temperature range, rubber and plastics can maintain their conformability under low-temperature conditions, and are less prone to embrittlement or breakage. This characteristic is particularly important in applications such as chilled water pipes and cryogenic air ducts, helping to reduce insulation defects caused by material deformation or cracking.

Anti-condensation performance is a crucial indicator of the performance of rubber and plastic insulation in low-temperature environments. During the operation of low-temperature systems, insufficient moisture resistance of the insulation layer can easily lead to condensation on the surface or inside. The closed-cell structure of rubber and plastic gives it a low water absorption rate, which can, to some extent, prevent moisture penetration, reducing the risk of condensation and frost, thus ensuring the stability of system operation.

In terms of construction adaptability, the performance of rubber and plastic in low-temperature environments is also of practical significance. Rubber and plastic materials are easy to cut and wrap, and can adapt well to the installation requirements of pipes, elbows, and irregularly shaped parts. In low-temperature engineering, good adhesion and continuous wrapping help avoid the occurrence of local weak points, reducing cold bridges and energy loss.

It is important to note that the performance of rubber and plastic in low-temperature environments depends on the appropriate thickness selection and standardized construction techniques. Insufficient thickness or improper joint treatment, even if the material itself has stable properties, may affect the overall insulation effect. Therefore, in practical engineering, the rubber and plastic insulation layer should be systematically designed in conjunction with the operating temperature, ambient humidity, and system structure.

Overall, rubber and plastics exhibit good thermal insulation stability, anti-condensation ability, and construction adaptability in low-temperature environments. Provided the material's applicable temperature range is met and it is designed and constructed in accordance with specifications, rubber and plastics can provide reliable thermal insulation support for low-temperature systems. This is one of the important reasons why they are widely used in building and industrial low-temperature engineering.